Introduction
The EU-Project EMEEES
The Directive 2006/32/EC of the European Parliament and the Council on energy end-use efficiency and energy services has created a framework to improve energy efficiency within the member states. An overall indicative energy saving target of 9% by 2016 shall be adopted by the member states. In order to implement the Directive, the member states must develop national energy efficiency action plans (NEEAPs), which have to be submitted to the European Commission for their approval. The NEEAPs contain a description of the energy saving programs and measures that will be implemented in order to achieve the indicative target.In order to evaluate the NEEAPs, harmonised methods for monitoring and verification of the energy saving measures are required. According to the EU Directive, in measuring the realised energy savings, a harmonised calculation model which uses a combination of top-down and bottom-up calculation methods shall be used. A bottom-up calculation method means that energy savings obtained through the implementation of a specific energy efficiency improvement measure are measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh), in Joules (J) or in kilogram oil equivalent (kgoe) and added to energy savings results from other specific energy efficiency improvement measures. A top-down calculation method means that the amount of energy savings is calculated using the national or larger-scale aggregated sectoral levels of energy savings as the starting point. Adjustments of the annual data are then made for extraneous factors such as degree days, structural changes, product mix, etc. Top-down methods do not provide exact measurements at a detailed level.
The project EMEEEES is funded by the European Commission (Intelligent Energy Europe) and deals with the “Evaluation and Monitoring for the EU Directive on Energy End-Use Efficiency and Energy Services”. The project is carried out by a consortium of 21 European partners and coordinated by the Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy. The objective of EMEEES is to assist the European Commission in developing harmonised evaluation methods. It aims to design methods to evaluate the measures implemented to achieve the 9% energy savings target set out in the EU Directive (2006/32/EC) on energy end-use efficiency and energy services. It includes the development of concrete methods for the evaluation of programmes, services and measures (bottom-up and top-down), as well as schemes for monitoring the overall impact of all measures implemented in a Member State (combination of bottom-up and top-down methods).
The main results of the project will be:
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a system of harmonised bottom-up, top-down and integrated methods for the evaluation of energy efficiency technologies and/or energy efficiency improvement measures
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a set of harmonised input data and benchmarks for these evaluation methods
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a template and a guide for Member States for the National Energy Efficiency Action Plans
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an agreed method for the European Commission to assess the NEEAPs
First National Energy Efficiency Action Plan (NEEAP) of the Czech Republic
The preparation, realisation and evaluation of energy efficiency policy measures in the Czech Republic is the responsibility of the Czech Energy Agency (CEA), an organization of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, and the State Environmental Fund (SEF), belonging to the Ministry of Environment.These two organizations coordinate several so-called operational programmes (OP) or specific subprograms thereof. These operational programs include energy efficiency measures in the sectors for which the programs are implemented. For instance, the SEF operated the Operational Programme Infrastructure (OPI) 2004 – 2006 and coordinates the Operational Programme Environment 2007– 2013. These two programs include energy-saving measures in the residential and service sectors.
On the other hand, the CEA was responsible for the Operational Programme Industry and Enterprise (OPIE) 2004 – 2006 “subprogram Energy savings and RES“ and implements the Operational Programme Enterprise and Innovation (OPEI) 2007 – 2013 „subprogram Eco-energy“. These subprograms include energy-efficiency measures in the industrial sector.
In addition, the CEA together with the Ministry of Environment, is responsible for the preparation, realisation and consistent evaluation of the Government Programme for the Support of Energy Savings and Renewable Energy. This programme is updated every year and supports the implementation of energy efficiency measures and the increase of use of renewable energy. This government programme has the following structure:
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Support for Energy Planning and Certification of Buildings
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Energy Production and Distribution Equipment
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Support of Measures for the Improvements to Energy Efficiency
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Consulting, Education, Promotion and Awareness Related to Energy Conservation with a Positive Environmental Impact
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Specific Programs for Pilot Projects, Education, Studies and Partnerships as part of International Projects